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The Gold Standard in Physiotherapy and Hydrotherapy for dogs

Condition Guide

Intervertebral Disc Disease

What is Intervertebral Disc Disease?

A more common term for Intervertebral disc disease is a ‘slipped disc’ in the back. The discs are the structures between the bones of the spine that act as shock absorbers.

Discs in dogs degenerate as they get older – just like people. This process results in the discs becoming dehydrated and losing their cushioning effect. They may then ‘slip’ in one of two ways:

  1. The material in the centre of the disc can come out of the fibrous ring and injure the spinal cord
  2. The fibrous ring may thicken and compress the spinal cord

What are the signs of Intervertebral Disc Disease?

Affected dogs may show signs of:

How is Intervertebral Disc Disease diagnosed?

A neurological examination is necessary to assess the severity of any neurological injury. This involves testing numerous reflexes and checking the dog’s ability to feel pain in the hind limbs. The examination often helps the specialist to localise which area of the spine is affected.

Normal X-rays of the back may reveal evidence of intervertebral disc disease, such as a narrowed disc space or a calcified disc. However, more advanced investigations are necessary to see which disc has actually slipped and assess the severity of any spinal cord compression.

How is Intervertebral Disc Disease treated?

The two principle methods of managing intervertebral disc disease:

Conservative Management

When dogs with mild deficits evident from intervertebral disc disease then conservatively managing  their condition may be an option. Their exercise must be restricted; short lead walks for toileting purposes may be necessary, with strict confinement at other times. The hope is that the ‘slipped disc’ will heal, any back pain subside and the spinal cord recover from any injury. Painkillers may be necessary and possibly other drugs, such as muscle relaxants. 

Surgical Management

The aims of surgery are to remove any disc material that is compressing the spinal cord and to prevent any more disc material ‘slipping’. Decompressive surgery involves removing a section of bone from around the spine to enable retrieval of disc material. Further ‘slipping’ can be prevented by cutting a small window in the side of the disc and removing material in the centre. 

Neurological Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation therapy is a key component in helping aid the recovery from neurological diseases. Once the vet has diagnosed your pet and completed any surgeries, our team can can step in to aid the long road to recovery.

Initial therapy may include standing exercises, as well as range of motion exercises. These are complimented with pain control and toe pinch exercises. An important part of the retraining is aquatic rehabilitation. Often, with more severe cases, one of our trained neurological hydro therapists will assist the dog whist in our underwater treadmill.

Other exercises include balance exercises, core stability and spacial resistance band walking, physio-roll balancing and home specific exercises. In the hydrotherapeutic environments, the dogs will walk and train with resistance against the water, whether walking or swimming. We also use therapeutic electrotherapies to deep-heat muscles, cryotherapy and laser therapy to aid the recovery process.

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The content on this page is for advice and information only and does not represent veterinary guidance or direction. Please always consult a veterinary surgeon if you are worries about your dog.